// virtual.welcome.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>

using namespace std;

struct VirtAbstract {
	virtual void p1() = 0;
};

struct VirtBase :
	public VirtAbstract {

	int var;

	virtual VirtBase& operator << (int a) {
		cout << "\tVirtBase operator " << endl;
		var = a;
		return *this;
	}

	virtual void p1() { cout << "\tprint VirtBase virtual call \n"; };
	void p2() { cout << "\tprint VirtBase NON-virtual call \n"; };
};

struct VirtInherit :
	public VirtBase {

	int var2;

	virtual VirtInherit& operator << (int a) {
		cout << "\tVirtInherit operator " << endl;
		var2 = a;
		return *this;
	}

	virtual void p1() { cout << "\tprint VirtInherit virtual call \n"; };
	void p2() { cout << "\tprint VirtInherit NON-virtual call \n"; };
};

//

struct Base {

	int a;

	void m() {
		cout << "\tBase method called " << endl;
	}
};

struct Inherit : 
	public Base {

	void m() {
		cout << "\tInherit method called " << endl;
	}

	int b;
};

// introspection?

int main() {
	Inherit classicObj;

	((Base&)classicObj).m();	// calls the base class method
								// since the call depends
								// on the left hand side type 
								// evaluated from the expression


	VirtBase baseObject;
	VirtInherit inheritedObject;

	VirtBase* ary[3];
	ary[0] = &baseObject;
	ary[1] = &inheritedObject;
	ary[2] = 0;

	for (int i=0;i<3;i++) 
		if (ary[i]) {
			cout << "working with object " << i << endl;
			VirtInherit* cobj = (VirtInherit*) ary[i];
			
			cobj->p1(); 	// calls appropriate VIRTUAL method
			cobj->p2();	// calls always the VirtBase p2() method

			*cobj << 5;

		}
	return 0;
}